The Importance of Sheathing in Protection from Earthquake
In order to be protected from earthquakes in buildings, first of all, the protection of the building elements and the structural carrier mechanism should be ensured. With the insulation measures to be taken, the buildings are protected against internal and external factors as well as against earthquakes. On the other hand, the main principles in the construction of insulation measures to be taken are criteria such as preventing water entry into buildings, removing water without damaging the building and building products, ensuring water vapor control in buildings and balancing the heat transfers between environments. In addition to these, air passages that will damage the carrier system should be considered in contact with the insulation during the construction of the building.
Exterior Insulation Measures for Earthquake
Sheathing measures in buildings ; It can be installed on floors, walls and wall cavities, roofs and re-joints. Precautions on floors are in contact with the situation of the floor sitting on the floor, mezzanine or console. Due to the fact that they are in permanent contact with the ground, water passes through the capillary in the floors sitting on the ground. If the floor is the main floor, groundwater is effective on the floor, while if it is the floor of a heated volume, heat losses occur in the floor.
In the mezzanine floors, thermal insulation is made with the aim of preventing the heat transfers that occur in the floors between the floors where independent heating is applied . In addition, water insulation is also applied with the aim of protecting the thermal insulation products , especially in these types of floors in the volumes where water is effective . Console floors, on the other hand, are affected by air currents due to the fact that they are mostly open, and heat losses are observed here.
However, it is possible that the waters hitting the façade or leaking from the façade cause damage to the cantilever floor section. These factors should be taken into consideration in the measures to be taken on the floors and it should be ensured that the floors are not damaged in the earthquake with the insulations to be made.
Measures in wall and wall cavities are constructed in contact with the presence of the walls in the air zone or the ground zone. The wall and wall cavities detected in the air zone in the buildings; It should be able to control the flow of heat, air, water vapor, the passage of precipitation, light, sun, radiation, noise, fire, and be durable, aesthetic and economical.
Sheathing and Earthquake
The wall and wall cavities in this area can be arranged in a detailed way according to the climatic conditions they are in and the preferences of the user or the designer. The solutions applied against water and heat factors also differ on this side, they can be constructed in detailed ways as external jacketing , intimate insulated or other solutions (sandwich wall programs, etc.).
On the other hand, basement walls in buildings with basements, main walls in buildings without basements, and load-bearing walls in buildings, which are defined as the walls determined in the ground area. These walls, which generally have the characteristics of reinforced concrete shear walls, are under the influence of water and moisture in the ground region consisting of ground moisture, accumulation waters, pressurized and unpressurized underground waters and leachate waters.
The structural system of the building may be damaged, which may pose a risk in an earthquake.
At the same time, if these walls are arranged as a heated basement wall, heat losses may occur in these parts of the building. Therefore, insulation solutions are used in order to prevent damage to the walls of the buildings, which are determined in the ground area, and to increase the earthquake resistance. These solutions can be constructed as externally insulated or internally insulated, similar to the insulation solutions manufactured on the walls detected in the air zone.
The measures on the roofs are mainly in contact with the sloped or terrace roofs of the roofs. According to the climatic conditions, the preferences of the user or the designer, as a result of factors such as ventilation, vapor diffusion, precipitation, harmful rays of the sun, heat losses and gains, molding, rot, breakage, indoor Detailed damages such as deterioration of thermal comfort conditions can be encountered. With the aim of preventing these damages and increasing the earthquake resistance of the buildings, in pitched roofs; While exterior cladding solutions are designed according to whether the roof is heated or not , traditional or inverted roof programs are used in terrace roofs.
In addition to these, factors such as earthquake load , temperature changes, ground settlements create stresses that can cause damage in structures. In order to prevent these stresses from affecting the structure, expansion, coating and wall cavities joints are consciously left in the structures. For water and heat insulation in joints, detailed solutions are produced with joint products such as waterstop tapes, joint fillers, joint profiles and joint gaskets . In addition, detailed arrangements can be made during the creation of joints in structures.
In today's conditions, maintenance is one of the important needs of every building, and no building permit is given unless thermal insulation qualities are provided for any building constructed today. At this point, " exterior coating companies " continue to work intensively and the total building stock throughout the country is completely renewed and applications are made with thermal insulation materials . Commercial buildings, residences and public buildingsare subjected to thermal insulation programs in line with the " best sheathing companies ", without distinguishing them, and insulation is one of the most important programs.
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